Friday, May 23, 2014

Tugas Softskill 3

Possessive, Gerund, Infinitive, Affirmative and Negatif Agreement 

1.     Possessive Adjectives
Possessive adjectives are used to show possession or ownership of something. While we use them when we refer to people, it is more in the sense of relationship than ownership.
The possessive adjectives in English are as follows:
Subject
Possessive
Adjective
I
My
You
Your
He
His
She
Her
It
Its
We
Our
You (pl)
Your
They
Their

Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns include my, mine, our, ours, its, his, her, hers, their, theirs, your, yours, whose, and one's - all words that demonstrate ownership.

Number
Person
Personal Pronoun
Number
Person
Possessive Adjective
Subjective
Object.
Possessive
Singular
1st
I
me
mine
Singular or Plural
1st
my
2nd
you
you
yours
2nd
your
3rd
she, he, it
her, him, it
hers, his, its
3rd
her, his, its
Plural
1st
we
us
ours
1st
our
2nd
you
you
yours
2nd
your
3rd
they
them
theirs
3rd
their

Examples of Possessive Pronoun
Examples of Possessive Adjective
·         Mine is the biggest one.
·         The city is mine.
·         My house is the biggest one.
·         The city is my hometown.
·         Yours was sent yesterday.
·         Yours were sent yesterday.
·         Today is yours.
·         Your letter was sent yesterday.
·         Your letters were sent yesterday.
·         Today is your day.
·         Hers is beautiful.
·         It is not his.
·         I like his.
·         Her skirt is beautiful.
·         It is not his car.
·         I like his car.
·         That puppy wagged its tail.
·         Ours is on the table.
·         That is ours.
·         They found ours.
·         Our key is on the table.
·         That is our class.
·         They found our key.
·         Theirs are the official rules.
·         Some of the good books are theirs.
·         Their rules are the official rules.
·         Some are their own.



Reflexive Pronouns

Reflexive pronouns are pronouns that refer back to the subject of the sentence or clause. They either end in –self, as in the singular form, or –selves as in the plural form.

 

reflexive pronoun

singular

myself
yourself
himself
, herself, itself

plural

ourselves
yourselves
themselves

Examples of Reflexive Pronouns :

I saw myself in the mirror.

Why do you blame yourself?

John sent himself a copy.

Mary sent herself a copy.

My dog hurt itself.

We blame ourselves.

Can you help yourselves?

They cannot look afterthemselves.

 

2.     Gerund

a. as the subject of the sentence:
·         Eating people is wrong.
·         Hunting tigers is dangerous.
·         Flying makes me nervous.
b. as the complement of the verb 'to be':
·         One of his duties is attending meetings.
·         The hardest thing about learning English is understanding the gerund.
·         One of life's pleasures is having breakfast in bed.
c. after prepositions. The gerund must be used when a verb comes after a preposition:
·         Can you sneeze without opening your mouth?
·         She is good at painting.
·         They're keen on windsurfing.
·         She avoided him by walking on the opposite side of the road.
·         We arrived in Madrid after driving all night.
·         My father decided against postponing his trip to Hungary.

 

3.   Infinitive

Recognize an infinitive when you see one.

To sneeze, to smash, to cry, to shriek, to jump, to dunk, to read, to eat, to slurp—all of these are infinitives. An infinitive will almost always begin with to followed by the simple form of the verb, like this:
to + verb = infinitive
Examples of infinitive :
Infinitive sebagai kata benda (noun)
- To say is easy but to do is difficult.
- To understand English is not an easy job.

- To dry an ocean is nonsense.
Infinitive 
sebagai kata sifat (adjective)
 
 
 sebagai kata keterangan (adverb)
 
4.      Affirmative and Negative Agreement
SUBJECT+
Be+
…+
AND+
SO+
BE+
S
AFFIRMATIVE AGREEMENT
They were surprised and so were we.
SUBJECT+
V
…+
AND+
SO+
DO+
S
My wife talked to him about it and so did I.
NEGATIVE AGREEMENT
SUBJECT+
MODAL+VERB WORD
HAVE+PARTICIPLE
DO+VERB WORD
BE NOT+ ING FORM
+AND+
NEITHER+
MODAL
HAVE
DO
BE
+S
My roommate won’t go, and neither will I
My roommate hasn’t gone, and neither have I
My roommate doesn’t go, and neither do I
My roommate isn’t going and neither am I.
SUBJECT+
MODAL+VERB WORD
HAVE+PARTICIPLE
DO+VERB WORD
BE NOT+ ING FORM
+AND+
SUBJECT+
MODAL
HAVE
DO
BE
+EITHER
My roommate won't go and I won’t either. 
My roommate hasn't gone and I haven’t either.
My roommate doesn’t go and I don’t either.
My roommate isn’t going and I’m not either.



Sumber :
- See more at: http://www.english4dummies.com/affirmative-_negative_agreement_-_imperatives.html#sthash.NkRzG7Nv.dpuf
- http://www.google.com
- http://www.wikipedia.org

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