PASSIVE VOICE
Passive voice is a
grammatical construction (grammatical form) where the subject in the sentence
(sentence) or clause (clause) does not take action, but rather accept the
action or follow-up (receiver of action) by the other agent (DOER of action)
either mentioned or not.
Some ways to make
passive sentences:
Sentences must have an
object.
Laying the object
becomes the subject of an active sentence passive voice.
Laying the subject of an
active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence.
Laid by before the
object.
Using the verb (verb)
The third form (V-3) as to be (is, am, are, was,
were, be, been, being)
Only the verbal phrase
that can be used in the passive voice.
Following her tense.
Function or description
the same time in the passive voice to active voice
1. SIMPLE
PRESENT
Formula
Positif : Subjek + is/am/are + past
participle/V3
Negatif : Subjek + is/am/are + Not + Past
Participle
Question : is/am/are + Subjek + Past Participle
Example :
Aktif Pasif
They borrow
the book. The
book is borrowed by them.
They don't
borrow the book. The
book is not borrowed by them.
Do they
borrow the book? Is
the book borrowed by them?
She repairs
this blue car. This
blue car is repaired by her.
She does not
repair this blue car. This
blue car is not repaired by her.
Does she
repair this blue car? Is
the blue car repaired by her?
Formula :
( + ) S +
Was/Were + V-3 + By + O
( -
) S + Was/Were + Not + V-3 + By + O
( ? )
Was/Were + S + V-3 + By + O ?
Example :
Aktif Pasif
John bit Mary Mary
was bitten by John
John didn’t bite
Mary Mary
wasn’t bitten by John
Did John bite Mary? Was Mary
bitten by John?
What did John do? What
was done by John?
Who bit Mary? Who
was Mary bitten by?
Who did John bite? Who
was bitten by John?
Formula :
( + ) S + To
Be ( is, am, are ) + Being + V-3 + By + O
( -
) S + To Be ( is, am, are ) + Not + Being + V-3 + By + O
( ? ) To Be
( is, am, are ) + S + Being + V-3 + By + O ?
Example :
Aktif Pasif
She is reading the
English book. The
book is being read by her.
She is not reading the
English book. The book is
being read by her.
Is she reading the
English book? The book is not being read by her.
They are sending the letters. The letters are being
sent by them.
They are not
sending the letters. The
letters are not being sent by them.
Are they sending the
letters? Are the
letters being sent by them?
Formula :
(+) S + be(was/were) + V1-ing/present
participle
(-)
S + be(was/were) + not + V1-ing/present participle
(?)be(was/were) + S + V1-ing/present
participle?
Aktif Pasif
John was biting Mary Mary
was being bitten by John
John wasn’t biting
Mary Mary
wasn’t being bitten by John
Was John biting
Mary? Was
Mary being bitten by John?
What was John doing? What
was being done by John?
Who was biting Mary? Who
was Mary being bitten by?
Who was John biting? Who was being bitten by John?
Formula :
( + ) S +
Have/Has + Been + V-3 + By + O
( -
) S + Have/Has + Not + Been + V-3 + By + O
( ? )
Have/Has + S + Been + V-3 + By + O ?
Example :
Aktif Pasif
John has bitten
Mary Mary
has been bitten by John
John hasn’t bitten
Mary Mary
hasn’t been bitten by John
Has John bitten
Mary? Has
Mary been bitten by John?
What has John done? What
has been done by John?
Who has bitten
Mary? Who
has Mary been bitten by?
Who has John
bitten? Who
has been bitten by John?
Formula :
( + ) S +
Had + Been + V-3 + By + O
( -
) S + Had + Not + Been + V-3 + O
( ? ) Had +
S + Been + V-3 + By + O ?
Example :
Aktif Pasif
John had bitten
Mary Mary
had been bitten by John
John hadn’t bitten
Mary Mary
hadn’t been bitten by John
Had John bitten
Mary? Had
Mary been bitten by John?
What had John done? What
had been done by John?
Who had bitten
Mary? Who
had Mary been bitten by?
Who had John bitten? Who
had been bitten by John?
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